Windmill



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet; 1. D. O. STOVER.

WINDMILL.

Patented Sept. 8, 1885.

PETERS. Pmoum n her. warmm". u. c.

{No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. D. 0. STOVER. WINDMILL. No. 325,707. Patented Sept. 8, 1885;

INVENTOR ATTORNEY U E11 F ii eeee i i v e I m 4p DW E s 1 e U C 5 fl WITNESSES: (ZQMQX flaw? 4 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

WINDMILL.

Patented Sept. 8, 1885..

(No Model.)

D.C.STOVER.

WITNESSES: mfviwp NITED STATES DANIEL o. srovnn, or rnn'nron'r, ILLINOIS.

WINDMILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 325,707, dated September 8, 1885.

Application filed May 22, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL O. STOVER, a resident of Freeport, in the county of Stephenson, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in W'indmills; and I do hereby declare the fol lowing to bea full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in windmills, and is fully described, explained, and claimed in the following specification, and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of the work,- ing parts of the mill, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow 23, Fig. 3; Fig. 2, a rear view thereof, partly in section andpartly in elevation, theplane of section passing through the line as y, Fig. 3; Fig. 3, a horizontal section (looking downward) of the mill,the plane of section passing through the line as 3 Fig. 2, and all the parts above the cutting-plane being removed, together with the casting U, Fig. 2, and the block f and ball-and-socket jointQQ, being partly broken away to show the parts beneath; Fig. 4, a plan of the head F, which supports the windwheel, and the main casting F, which supports the vane, showing the means of disconnecting and connecting said head and main casting; Fig. 5, a front elevation of the casting F, and headF, the latter being at right angles to the former, or out of the wind, and the upper portion of both castings being broken away to show the construction and position of the combined crankplate and brake-wheel K; and Fig. 6, a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, of the pump-rod and ils coupling immediately above the pump.

In these views, A is a windmill-tower of ordinary construction; B, a square plate covering the top of the tower and bolted thereto; (3, a vertical cylindrical bearing formed integrally with the plate B, and braced by a series of integrally-formed flanges, B; and O a tube journaled in the bearing 0, and projecting both above and below it. On the upper end of the tube 0, above the plate B, is cast or otherwise rigidly fastened a tubular casting, P, which rests on the plate B and forms the base of the vane-casting F F. The vanecas'ting, which is formed in a single piece with; the tubular base P, consists of three parts-a lower horizontal arm extending outward from the base, a vertical portion extending upward from the outer end of said horizontal arm, and an upper horizontal arm extending inward t0 the vertical axis of the mill ,end of the upper horizontal arm of a casting,

F, which supportsthe wind-wheel, as hereinafter explained.

The general form of the casting F is similar to that of the vane-casting already described, as it comprises two horizontal arms,at top and bottom, respectively, and a vertical middle portion uniting the outer ends of the two arms. At the inner end of the lower horizontal arm is an integrally-formed ring,M,which is above the tubular base P, but not necessarilyin contact therewith. In case the parts M P are in contact, the base supports the weight of the casting Fahd the parts attached thereto; but if the ring M be slightly above the base P, then the weight of said cast-ing F is supported by the socket I of the vane-casting, in which rests the end of the pivot J. On the lower face of the ring M is formed a tubular hub, M, concentric with the ring, but of smaller outer diameter, which fits and turns freely in the upper end of the tube 0, and thus forms a pivot for the lower end of the casting F, and on the lower end of the hub H is formed a concentric tubular boss, lV of still smaller size, whose function is hereinafter described.

The inner end of the arm on which the pivot J is formed is a horizontal flange, at, whose edge is an arc of a circle concentric withthe pivot; and the vane-casting has on its inner end a lug, a, which, when the mill is in any working position, lies above the flange mend prevents any upward motion of the casting F. The edge of the flange a is, however, out by a notch, a, Fig. 4, of the same shape as the lug a, and so placed that when the casting F is turned a little more than ninety degrees in the direction indicated by the arrow t, .Fig. 4, the notch comes directly under the lug, and the casting F maybe lifted up and disconnected from the vane-casting. When the mill is in working condition, the casting F is prevented from swinging ninety degrees by alatch, R, Figs. 1, 2, 8, 5, pivoted to the vane casting and so placed that the castingF strikes it when swung fully out of the wind. When it is desired to disconnect the two main castings, or to put them together, the latch R must be removed, and the castings can then be placed at the required angle to permit the lug a to pass upward or downward through the notch a. The tubular boss M, already mentioned as formed on the lower face of the hub M, receives the upper coil of a spring, 8', whose lower coil is wound on a similar boss, M, formed on the center of the upper face of a cap D, Figs. 1, 2, which incloses and covers the lower end of the tube The ends S S", of the spring are turned downward and upward, respectively, and are secured one in the cap Dand the other in the hub M. The cap D is provided with a set-screw, (3", by means of which it may be fastened on the tube 0 at any desired position. By turning the cap when the set-screw is loosened, any desired tension may be put on the spring, and the tighteningof the screw holds the cap securely in place and preserves the tension of the spring. The cap at the same time forms a retaining-head for the tube 0 and prevents any upward movement thereof in the bearing C. The hub M, to which the upper end of the spring 8 is fastened, is formed integral ly with the casting F; and the cap D, to which the lower end of said spring is attached,is fastened to the tube 0, which is rigidlyattached to the vane casting F. Thespring is therefore virtually fastened at opposite ends to the two main castings of the mill, and its construction is such that it tends to force the casting F in the direction indicated bythe arrow 23, Fig. -i-that is, it tends to keep the wind-wheel in the wind. A lug, 0, Figs. 2, 5, on the tubular base P of the vane-casting, and a lug, O, on the casting F, strike one against the other when the two castings are in the same plane and the wind-wheel fully in the wind, and prevent motion of the casting F in the direction indicated by the arrow -t beyond the position shown in Fig. 4. The spring resists any motion of the casting F in the direction indicated by the arrow t, and this resistance increases as the angle through which the head moves increases. -lhe length of the spring may be varied at will; and as the spring islengthened the resistance which it offers to the rotation of the head F becomes more constant. In other words, the longer thespring is the more slowly its tens-ion will be increased-bythe rotation of the-head F-to-- ward the head F.-

v The shaft G of the wind-wheel is journaled win the casting Fat one side of the center and is slightly inclined, the outer or wind-wheel end being somewhat higher than the inner or crank-plate end. The inclination of the shaft throws the lower half of the wind-wheel out from the tower and thus prevents it from striking, and the position of the shaft off the center causes the wheel to govern or swing out of the wind in the direction indicated by the arrow t. This motion of the wheel is re-. sisted by the spring S, as has already been explained, and the spring thus forms a regulator whose initial force-i. 6., its force when the wheel is in the wind-may be varied at will, and whose resistance increases in a ratio dependent on the length of the spring as the mill goes out of the wind. rests a circular plate, N, concentric with the ring, anda short sleeve, N, having a cylindrical outer surface, is formed integrally with the plate, and extends downward through the ring M and into the bossM and fits loosely in the socket, in which it has a limited-rotation, as hereinafter explained. Throught'he center of the plate N and sleeve N is a square vertical opening, in which plays freely up and down the squared end E of a pump-rod, E, which may be of any desired form, but is preferably an iron tube or other hollow metal cylinder. Reciprocal motion is imparted to the pump rodv by means of a pitman, L, connecting it with a crank-pin, e, on the surface of the crank-plate K. The inclination of the shaft G necessitates the use of the universal-joint coupling Ito connect the ptman and crankpin, and a ball-and-socket joint, Q, Q, connects the pumprod and pitman and allows the pump rod to swivel or turn independently of the pitman, another swivel-joint, QQ,", being placed in the pump-rod just above the pump to permit the swiveling of the rod independ entlyof that portion of it which is in the pump. On the lower surface andjust within On the ring M the outer edge of the plateN is a downwardlythe recess extending,.however, through an are much greater than that occupied by the lug, so that the plate N has a limited rotation independent of that of the ring M. It is evident that if thepump-rod E E beturned in the direction indicated by the arrow 19", Fig. 3, the plate N must turn with it; that the lug Z will move from one extremity of the slot or recess 0 to the'other extremity thereof withpwjecting lug, Z, Figs. 1, 3, which lies in recess, 0, in the upper surface of the ring M, Y

out affecting the ring M, but that onreaching the other extremity of said recess thelug will strike the end wall of the recess and the ring M will accompany the plate N in any further rotation of theplate in'the direction indicated;

and if, after being turned through 'anygiven angle in the direction mentioned, the motion ofthe purnp-rod and plate be reversed, thelugZ will travel from end to end of the recess 0 before the reverse rotation of the p'tate'is communiso long as the wind-wheel cated to the ring M. In other words, the plate N maybe reciprocally rotated through such an angle as to move the lug Z back and forth from end to end of the recess 0 without moving the ring M.

From the foregoing description of the plate N and its connection with the pump-rod and ring M it appears that by rotating the pumprod the wind-wheel may be thrown out of or into the wind at pleasure, and that a portion of the rotary motion of .the pump-rod is lost (so far as moving the wind-wheel is concerned) by reason of the lost motion between the plate andthe ring M, which is the base of the casting F. This lost motion is utilized in the following manner: The casting F is provided, as has already pivoted on a horizontal pin, J, Figs. 2, 3, 5, and of such length that when the wind-wheel is completely out of the wind (that is, when the casting F is at right angles to the vanecasting F) the end of the latch strikes the rib on the outer face of the casting F and prevents further motion thereoftoward said pivot. On the lower face of the latch R, and at the freeend thereof, is a hook, R',:which drops down over alug, V, on the casting F at the moment the end of the latch strikes the rib on said casting, and thus secures the casting against motion away from the pin J. Thus, at the moment that the wind-wheel swings fully out of thewind the latch R R engages with the lug V and the ribon the outer face of the casting F and locks said casting securely, thereby holding the wind-wheel out of the wind. it is not desirable, however, to have the windwheel locked out or the wind every time it swings out in governing, and to prevent this thelatch R is raised up by means of an integrally-formed arm, It, theend of which rests on a vertical flange, m, Figs. 1, 2, 3, on the upper surface of the plate N, and a block, U. Figs. 2, 5,'is attached to the flange on the castingF immtdiately al cite the lug V, and at such aheight that the" raised end ,of the latch R must strike it as' the wind-wheel swings out of the wind. The flange m is at the margin of the plate N, and-extends through an arc of about ninety degrees of the circum ference of the plate, and when the plate N and ring M are in the relative positions shown in Figs. 1 and 3 the flange m is in the position shown in full lines in Fig. 3, andthe end of the arm R is at the extremity m of the flange remains fully in the wind.- If now the casting Fahd plate N be turned simultaneously in the direction indicatedbythe arrow t", Fig. 3, the free end of the latch R will strike the block U bel'ore the eiid 9f the arm R reaches the end m "of the flange m; hence the casting F cannot be locked out of thewind by the latch 'R and lug V so long as the plate N and ring M are in the relative positions shown in Figs. 1 and 3. If, however, the plate N be turned in the direction indicated by the arrow t without been mentioned, with a latch, R,

movingthe ring M until the lugZ moves from one extremity flange m will be moved from the position shown in full lines to that shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3; and if, after such limited rotation of the plate Nand flange m, the casting F and plate N be rotated simultaneously in the direction indicated by the arrow t, the end of the arm R will reach and drop down from the end m of the flange m before the free end of the latch R is struck by the block U. The end of the arm R having thus dropped off the flange m, the free end of the latch R will pass under the block U and the hook R will engage with the lug V and lock the casting F out of the wind. Thus it appears that when the plate N is at one of the limits of its to the other of the recess 0, the I independent rotation within the ring M the wind-wheel cannot be swung fully out of the wind, and cannot be locked by means of the latch R and lug V, and that when said plate is at the opposite limit of its independent rotation the wind-wheel may swing fullyzout of the wind, and when it does so will be locked and held out of the wind by the latch R and lug V. As has already been shown, the plate N may be readily moved within the limits of its independent rotation by turning the pumprod E E whenever it is desired to change the relative positions of the plate and the ring-M,

and any accidental rotation of the plate N and sleeve N within the ring M is prevented by means of a vertical flange, m, on the upper surface of the plate, and a spring-bolt, h, Fig.

2, sliding vertically in a bearing, f, fastened to the inner face of the casting F. The extent and position of the flange m are such that the spring-bolt h is at one end of the flange when the lug Z is at one extremity of the rec'esso, and when the lug Z reaches the opposite end of therecess in which it plays the bolt has moved through the entire length of the flange m and is at the opposite end to'that from which it started. Both ends of the flange m'are beveled, and when the plate N is turned quickly byturning the pump-rod .E E the flange raises the bolt and passes under it withhowever,

out difliculty. At the same time,

the down ward pressure of the bolt is such that it is not liable to be accidentally raised by the flange during the operation of the mill. The plate N may therefore be turned into such a position as t'ocallow the mill to turn completely out of the wind in regulating or governing, and when the plate is so set'it may be left with the certainty that it will remain in that position, and that if the wind becomes strong enough to throw the wheel fully out of the wind it will be locked out and remain locked until changed by turning the plate into such a position as to release it. The crank-plate K, Figs. 2, 5 has .a series of bevel-faced notches, K,,in its periphery, and a spring, 5, bent at one point to conform to the notches K, is fastened to the inner face of the casting Fin such aposition that whenthe of the spring engages with the notches K of 'wheel swings the crank-plate, and forms a brake to prevent rotation of the wind-wheel on its axis. The bevel of the notches K is such that if the rapidly on its axis the angle S of the spring willslip from notchto notch in the periphery of the crank-plate, gradually retarding the motion of the wind-wheel until the latter finally comes to rest; but when the wheel has once ceased to rotate the spring has suflicient force to prevent the turning of the wheel on its axis so long as the spring and crank-plate remain in engagement. i

As has already been stated, the 'm'ainpartof the pump-rod E is connected by a swivel-' joint, Q Q, with the lower part thereof,which is within the pump. The detailsof this connection are shown in Fig. 6, in which E is the pumprod, and E the preferably-hat rod E, which works within the pump. An open casting, Q,is fastened to the lower end of the rod E, and a second casting. Q", is fastened to the upper part of the rod E. On the casting Q is an annular bead, Q, and the inner face of the hollow casting Q is formed with an annular groove, Q, conforming to the annular bead. The casting Q. is preferably cast about the casting Q but may be formed in two parts and bolted together. the two castings forms a swivcl-joint,which in sures simultaneous vertical motion of the rods E E, but permits the rod E to rotate independently of the rod E. Since the rod E is connected with the .pitman L by a ball-andsocket joint, the entire lifting-rod L E E may he said to consist of three parts, the uppermost of which rotates with the casting F, and the lowermost of which is not capable of rotary motion, while the central part, E, may be rotated at will without exerting any rotary force on the other two parts. A handle, Q, is fastened to the casting Q at right angles, and is used in'twisting the rod E for the purpose of turning'the wind-wheel out of the wind;

Inrthe drawings no windwheel is'shown, as

any form of Wheel may be mounted on the shaft G, and the construction of the wheel does not affect the operation of the working parts already described. v

The operation of the mill, while it has been fully indicated in the foregoing explanation of the parts, may be briefly recapitulated as follows: When the wind-wheel is fully in the wind, or at right angles to the vane, the two main castings F F are in the relative positions shown in the drawings, and especially in Fig. 4. The wheel governs or regulates by swinging about the vertical axis of the mill in the direction indicated by the arrow t, Fig. 4,

and this motion is resisted by the force of the coiled spring 8, Fig. 2-, the resistance of the spring tending to throw the wheel into the wind with a force which increases as the wheel approaches a position parallel to the vane.

out of the wind while rotating thereby 'raisesthe hook R In either case the union of relative positions shown in Fig.

When the wheel goes fully out of the wind. or becomes parallel to the vane, the casting F is at right angles to the casting F, the latch It strikes the rib on the outer face of the casting F, and the hook R of the latch engages the lug V of'the casting F and locks the wheel out of the Wind. (see Fig. 5.) The arm R rests on the flange- M of the plate N, and to the same height as the lower part of the block U, fastened to the casting F. The plate N has a limited independent rotation upon and within the ring M,-and may be so set with relation to the ring Mas to drop the arm R from the flange m before the wheel swings fully out of the wind, or so as to retain the arm on the flange m and thus preserve the elevation of the hook B through the entire regulating range of I the wind-wheel. If the plate be set so as to drop the arm R from the flange, the hook Rpasses under the block U and locks theinill out of the wind. If, onth'e other hand, the plate be so set as toretain the arm R on the flange m, the hook R strikes the block U and prevents the wheel from becoming parallel-to. the vane. The squared end E of the pump-rod E passes through a square hole at the center ofthe plate N, and serves as a means of turning the wheel out 'of the wind, In turning the wheel out and locking it the rod is turned in'the direction indicated by the arrow t ,'Fig. 3. The beginning I V moves the plateN through the limit of its independent motion, and thus carries the lug 1 through thelength of the recess 0. The lug then strikes the end wall of the recess, N is now in position to carry the ring M with it in the direction indicated by the arrow 2?", and is also in position to drop the arm R from the flange m fully out of the wind. By continuing the rotation of the rod the wheel is swung out of the wind, the arm R and hook R drop down, the hook passes under the block U and locks and the plate of the rotary movement of the rod before the wind-wheel swings with the lug V. To turn the wheel into the wind, it is only necessary to rotate the rod in the reverse direction through anangle equal to the angle of independent rotation of the plate N. The flange the end'of the arm R, and raises up the hook m is thus passed under R and releases it fromthe lug V, and the force of the spring 8 'carriesthe wheel into the wind and brings the c'a-stingsLF F into the 4. I When the wind-wheel is fully out of the wind, the spring S engages with the notched crank-plate K, and acts as a brake to prevent rotation of the wheel on its axis.

In the drawings and description the mill is shown and described as having a regulating; vane; but the vane may be dispensed with, if desired, and the wheel be held in thewind by being hung on the opposite side of the tower from the quarter from which the wind blows.

This .is a well-known expedient, however,

and no illustration of it is thought to be necessary.

'mitted by said stops exerts a torsional force on said coil, and the reaction of the coil tends to return the wheel-supporting casting to its normal position.

5. In a Windmill, the combination of the two main castings thereof, pivoted on a common axis Coincident with the vertical axis of the mill, a regulating-vane rigidly attached to one of said castings, and a wind-wheel shaft journaled in the other and parallel or nearly parallel with the vane when in its normal position, a stop or stops adapted to prevent horizontalrotation of the wheel-supporting casting from its normal position in one direction but to permit such rotation in the opposite direction, and a coiled spring coiled about the vertical axis of the mill and having its ends attached to said main castings, respectively, whereby the rotation of said wheelsupporting casting from its normal position in the direction permitted by said stops exerts a torsional force on said coil, and the reaction of the coil tends to return said wheel-supporting casting to its normal position.

6. In a windmill, the combination of a suitable stationary vertical bearing attached to the tower, the two pivoted main castings of the mill, one having a tubular base journaled in said stationary bearing and the other a tubular base journaled within the base first mentioned, a regulating-vane fastened to one of said main castings, and a wind-wheel shaft journaled in the other and parallel or nearly parallel to the vane when in its normal position, a stop or stops adapted to prevent horizontal rotation of the Wheel-supporting casting from its normal position in one direction but to permit such rotation in the opposite direction, and a coiled spring coiled within the outer of said journaled tubular bases and bases, respectively, whereby the rotation of the wheel-supporting casting from its normal position in the direction permitted by said stops subjects said coil to a torsional strain, and the reaction of the coil tends to return said wheelsupporting casting to its normal position.

7. The combination of the stationary tubular bearing 0, the vane-casting F, and tube 0, formedintegrally therewith'or rigidly attached thereto and journaled 'in the bearing 0, the wheel-supporting casting F, and its tubula-r base M, journaled in the tube 0, the cap D, attached to the lower end of the tube 0, and the spring 8', havingits ends attached to the tubular base M and the cap D, respectively, substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination, in a windmill, of the Having now described my invention and explained its operation, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a windmill, the combination of a suit able wheel-supporting casting rotating freely about the vertical axis of the mill, a windwheel shaft journaled in said wheel supporti ng casting and lying normally parallel or nearly parallel to the line of direction of the wind, a suitable stop or stops adapted to prevent horizontal rotation of the wheel-supporting casting from its normal position in one direction but to permit such rotationin the opposite direction, and a spring adapted to resist horizontal rotation of said wheel-supporting casting from its normal position in the direction permitted by said stop or stops.

2. In a windmill, the combination of the independently-pivoted regulating-vane and wheel-supporting casting, a wind-wheel shaft journaled in said casting and normally parallel or nearly parallel to the vane, a stop or stops adapted to prevent horizontal rotation of the wheel-supporting casting from its normal position in one direction but to permit such rotation in the opposite direction, and a spring connecting said vane and said wheelsupporting casting and adapted to resist the horizontal rotation of said wheel-supporting casting from its normal position in the direction permitted'by said stop or stops.

3. In a windmill,

the combination of the two independentlypivoted main castings thereof, a regulating-vane rigidly attached to one of said castings, and a wind-wheel shaft journaled in the other and normally parallel or nearly parallel to the vane, a suitable stop or stops adapted to prevent horizontal rotation of wheelsupporting casting from its nor mal position in one direction but to'permit such rotation in the opposite direction, and a coiled spring whose ends are connected with said maincastings, respectively, whereby the horizontal rotation of the wheel-sup.- porting casting from its normal position toward the vane in the direction permitted by said stops subjects said coiled springto a torsional strain, and the reaction of the spring tends to force the wheel'supporting casting'to its normal position. 7

4. In a windmill, the combination of apivoted regulatingvane, a wheel-supporting casting pivoted on a vertical axis coincident with the vertical axis of the mill," a windwheel shaft journaled in the wheel-supporting casting and parallel or nearly parallel to the vane when in'its normal position, a suitable stop or stops adapted to prevent horizontal rotation of the wheel-supporting casting from its normal position in one direction but to permit such rotation in the opposite direction, and a coiled spring coiled about the vertical axis of the mill and having its ends connected with said vane and said wheel-supporting casting, respectively, whereby the rotation of the wheel-supporting casting from its normal position toward the vane in the direction perlugorprojection formed on one of said castings, and a corresponding notch or depression formed in the other, whereby said castings may be connected or disconnected when placed in given relative positions, and a detachable stop attached to one of said castings, and adapted, when in place thereon, to prevent having its ends attached to said two pivoted main castings thereof, a suitable said castings from assuming the necessary relaing such relative positions as to permit the ceptible of horizontal rotation in lug ct to pass through the notch a of the casting a, substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

10. In a windmill, the combination of the wind wheel shaft, a horizontally-rotating wheel-supporting casting in which said shaft is journaled, a pump-rod passing through the base of said wheel-supporting casting and receiving' vertical reciprocal motion from said wind-wheel shaft, and means connecting said pump-rod and said wheel-supporting casting, whereby the rotation of the rod rotates the wheel-supporting casting.

11. In a windmill, the combination of a suitable wheel-supporting casting, rotating about the vertical axis of the mill, a wind-' wheel shaft journaled in said wheel-supporting casting and lying normally parallel or nearly parallel to the line of direction of the wind, said wheel-supporting casting being susone direction from its normal position, means adapted to oppose a varying resistance to such horizontal rotation of the wheel-supporting casting, a pump-rod passing through the base of said wheel-supporting casting and receiving vertical reciprocal motion from said wind-wheel shaft, and means connecting said pump-rod and said wheel-supporting casting, whereby the wheel-supporting casting may be rotated by rotating the pump-rod.

12. In a windmill, the combination of the pivoted main castings thereof, a regulatingvane attached to one of said castings, and a wind-wheel shaft journaled in the other and parallel or nearly parallel to the vane when in its normal position, a suitable stop or stops adapted to permit horizontal rotation of the wheel-supporting casting from its normal position in one direction but to prevent such rotation in the opposite direction,'means adapted to oppose a varying resistance to the horizontal rotation of the wheel-supporting casting from its normal position in the direction permitted by said stop or stops, a pumprod passing through the base of the wheelsupporting casting, and means connecting said casting and said pump-rod, whereby the rotation of the pump rod rotates the casting.

13. In a windmill, the combination of the two pivoted main castings of the mill, a regulating-vane attached to one of said castings, and a wind-wheel shaft journaled in the other and normally parallel or nearly parallel to the vane, a stop or stops adapted to prevent rotation of the wheel-supporting casting toward the vane in one direction but to permit such to the spring,

rotation in the opposite direction, a pumprod receiving motion from shaft and connected with the wheel-support ing casting by means whereby the rotation of the pump-rod rotates the wheel-supporting casting about the vertical axis of the mill, and a spring coiled about the pump-rod and connecting the two. main castings of the mill, whereby the rotation of the wheel-supporting casting toward the vane in the direction permitted by said stops applies a torsional force and the reaction of the spring tends to return the wheel-supporting casting to its normal position.

14. The combination of the pivoted casting F, having the tubular base- 0, pivoted in the tower of the mill, the tubular base M, pivoted in the base 0 of the casting F, the pump-rod E E,passing through the tubular base M and connected therewith by means adapted to communicate rotary motion of the rod to the base M, the stops 0 V, attached to the castings F F, respectively, and the coiled spring S, attached at top and bottom to the tubular bases M C, respectively, and tending to hold the stops 0 V in contact, substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

15. The combination, in a windmill, of the two pivoted main castings thereof, one supporting the wind-wheel and the other the regulating-vane, a castings, and a coacting lug or stop attached to the other and adapted to engage with the hook when the wind-wheel is fully out of the wind, and means whereby one of said coacting locking parts may be thrown into or out of working position at will, thus rendering said locking mechanism operative or inoperative, as desired. I

16. The combination, in a windmill, of the two pivoted main castings thereof, one supporting the wind-wheel and the other the regulating-vane, suitable locking devices attached to said main castings, respectively, and adapted to engage when the wind-wheel is fully out of the wind and prevent rotation of said main castings with reference to each other, and a stop pivoted to one of said castings and adapted when in working position to prevent the rotation of the wind-wheel fully out of the wind, and means whereby said pivoted stop maybe rotated about its supporting-pivot and thrown into or out of working position at will, thereby reventing or permitting, as desired, the swinging of the wind-wheel fully out of the wind and rendering the locking device operative or inoperative at pleasure.

17. In a windmill, the combination of the two pivoted main castings, one supporting the wind-wheel and the other the regulating.

vane, suitable locking devices adapted to engage when the wind-wheel swings fullyout of the wind and lock the main castings against rotation with relation to each other, adjustable means adapted to permit or prevent the swinging of the wind-wheel fully out of the the wind -wheel1 hook attached to one of said wind, and-a pump-rod connected with such adjustable device and adapted by its rotation to adjust the same,whereby the turning of the pump-rod renders the locking devices operative or. inoperative at will.

18. The combination of the castings F F, latch R, provided with hook R and arm R and pivoted to the casting F. lug V, formed on the casting F and adapted to engage with the hook B when the wind-wheel is fully out of the wind, the plate N, provided with the flange mand having limited independent r0- tation within the base M of the castingF, and the pump-rod E E, passing through the plate N and adapted when rotated to rotate the plate, substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

19. The combination of the castings F F, latch R, provided with hook R and arm R, the lug V and block U on the casting F, the plate N, provided with flanges m m, the squared pump-rod E E, passing through the square opening in the plate N,and the bolt 71, attached to the casting F and cooperating with the flange m, substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

20. In a mill constructed substantially as described, the combination of the rotating crank-plate K, the pitman L, the pumprod E E, above the pump, and the pump-rod E, extending into the pump, the pump rod E E being connected with the pitman K and rod E by swivel joints, insuring simultaneous vertical motion of the three parts, butpermitting rotation of the rod E E independent of the pitman K and rod E, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

21. The vcombination of the castings F F, wind-wheel shaft G, notched crank-plate K, and spring S, said crank-plate being adapted to engage with said spring and act as a brake on the wind-wheel shaft when the wheel swings fully out of the wind.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscrib ing witnesses.

DANIEL O. STOVER.

Witnesses:

WALLACE GREENE,

T. D. WILCOXON. 

